Animal Health Journal

Behavioral Medicine in Companion Animals

2023-11-21T19:35:26+03:00

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to investigate behavioural medicine interventions on the behaviour and mental health of companion animals.

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to behavioral medicine in companion animals. Preliminary empirical review revealed that it is important to consider the unique needs and circumstances of companion animals when designing and implementing behavioral medicine interventions. Factors such as the animal's history, environment, and the presence of underlying medical conditions must be carefully evaluated to tailor interventions effectively. Additionally, the role of human caregivers, including pet owners, trainers, and veterinary professionals, is paramount in the success of these interventions.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Learning theory, Cognitive Behavioural theory and the Attachment theory may be used to anchor future studies on behavioral medicine in companion animals. The study recommended for promoting early and comprehensive behavioural assessment, increasing awareness and education for pet owners, expanding access to qualified behavioural professionals, incorporating evidence based approaches, fostering collaboration between veterinary and behavioural professions and emphasizing prevention and early intervention.

Health Management in Livestock Production in Sub Saharan Countries

2023-11-21T19:04:16+03:00

Purpose: The general objective of this study was to explore health management in livestock production in Sub Saharan countries.

Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to health management in livestock production in Sub Saharan countries. Preliminary empirical review revealed that the health management of livestock in Sub-Saharan Africa is a complex and multifaceted endeavor, influenced by a range of factors including limited access to veterinary services, inadequate nutrition management, and the effectiveness of disease control measures.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The One Health theory, Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Diffusion of Innovations theory may be used to anchor future studies relating to livestock production. The study recommends for enhancing access to veterinary services, promoting knowledge, scaling up vaccination efforts, improving nutrition management, strengthening biosecurity measures, using gender sensitive approaches and investing in disease surveillance and rapid response.

Genomic Approaches to Disease Resistance in Livestock

2023-11-21T19:20:32+03:00

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to explore the use of genomics and selective breeding to enhance disease resistance in livestock populations.

Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to genomic approaches to disease resistance in livestock. Preliminary empirical review revealed that genomic approaches to disease resistance in livestock have emerged as powerful tools in the field of animal breeding and management. Over the past few years, research and empirical studies have consistently demonstrated the immense potential of genomics to revolutionize the way we address disease challenges in livestock populations. These approaches have allowed for delving deep into the genetic makeup of animals, identifying specific markers and genetic traits associated with disease resistance. By doing so, we can now make more informed breeding decisions, selecting animals with superior resistance profiles and improving overall herd or flock health.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The theory of Evolution by Natural Selection, Quantitative Genetics theory and the Genomic Selection theory may be used to anchor future studies on genomic approaches in disease resistance. The study made the following recommendations: implementing genomic selection programs, promoting collaborative research, focusing on sustainable breeding practices, enhancing biosecurity measure, investing in genomic education and training and monitoring long term impacts.