THE PARADOX OF GOVERNANCE AND LEADERSHIP IN NIGERIA: “BETWEEN IDEALS AND REALITY”

Abstract

Purpose: This paper is a reflection on the ongoing debates on political leadership and governance in Africa. It is an examination of leadership and governance in Nigeria since 1999 (the year Nigeria returned to democratic governance), x-raying indicators of considerable disparity between ideals and the reality. The paper is evidence- based research that reviews literature on leadership and governance to outline the core principles necessary for governance and leadership, and also assesses the nature of leadership and governance through governance outcomes prevalent in Nigeria. This research is an evidence based one which relied heavily on documented events reflecting on leadership and governance in Nigeria. Documented evidences were reviewed alongside personal observations and analysis of events as they unfold within the political space. Structured and unstructured discussions and analysis were conducted amongst academics and politicians of like minds and sometimes opposing thoughts were considered to establish factual realities. Current affairs and political discuss on print and telecast platforms were adequately utilized for this research. 

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The research is guided by the social democratic theory which promotes people-oriented governance and sustainable development. The common wealth and public interest are turned private to the detriment of common good. Leadership/ governance disparity between ideal and reality in Nigeria is considered in the areas of Public interests like qualitative education, medical services, housing, transportation, safe drinking water, security of lives and property, employment and wealth creation which have over time become a mirage to the commons in Nigeria. The results appear to suggest that, leadership and governance in Nigeria in reality is an elite conspiracy against the general will of the people.   The paper concludes by tracing the problem to the nature of the Nigerian society and the uncelebrated attitudes of the politicians, absent of national interest, and overwhelming heterogeneity that kept the people and political class continuously divided. There is need for concerted efforts for mass orientation/awareness on national agenda/interest. This can be achieved by recruiting civil society organizations, student unions to lead political debates and set agenda for patriotic leadership and good governance that will guarantee sustainable development, amongst other recommendations.