Capability Reconfiguration Strategies, Technology Integration and Performance in Resource-Constrained Nonprofit Environments: Evidence from Kenya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47941/jbsm.4039Keywords:
Capability Reconfiguration, Dynamic Capabilities, Technology Integration, Nonprofit Performance, Resource Constraints, KenyaAbstract
Purpose: This study examines the association between capability reconfiguration strategies (CRS) and the performance of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) operating in resource-constrained environments in Kenya, and whether technology integration (TI) moderates this relationship.
Methodology: Grounded in Dynamic Capabilities Theory (DCT) and the Resource-Based View (RBV), the study adopted pragmatist philosophy and a mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey design. A stratified random sample of 368 NPOs was drawn from organizations listed by the Public Benefit Organizations Regulatory Authority, and 261 usable responses were obtained (71% response rate). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests of association and ordinal logistic regression, while open-ended responses were analyzed thematically.
Findings: CRS were adopted to a high extent and TI to a moderate extent. CRS (B = 0.426, p = .040) and TI (B = 0.495, p = .017) were each positively associated with NPO performance, and the CRS × TI interaction was statistically significant (p = .004), indicating that the CRS–performance relationship depends on the level of TI. Qualitative findings identify staff-capacity gaps, donor dependence, technology-adoption costs and resistance to change as the main implementation barriers.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study extends DCT to resource-constrained nonprofits in an African context and positions TI as a boundary condition for the performance value of capability reconfiguration. It offers evidence-based guidance for NPO leaders, donors and regulators seeking to strengthen performance under persistent resource constraints.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Duncan Mutulu, Robert Arasa, James Murunga
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