INFLUENCE OF DAIRY FARMING PRACTICES ON MILK PRODUCTION. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Purpose: Dairy farming has been part of agriculture for thousands of years since the early days of man when he decided to start domesticating animals. This paper aims to determine the extent to which dairy animal nutrition and animal health influences the level of milk production. The aim of the study is also to determine the role played by animal hygiene in improving and sustaining milk production as well as the extent to which observance of animal welfare influences the performance of the cattle in terms of mil production.

Methodology: This paper adopted a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main the themes.

Findings: The study deduced that animal nutrition to a very great extent influence milk production. The study found out that preserving water supplies and feeds from contamination and feeding animals on good quality feeds influenced milk production to a very great extent. Adopting appropriate farm management practices such as milking hygiene, environmental sanitation, and regular veterinary care (e.g., periodic check-ups, prompt treatment of illness) of cows helps to assure the well-being of dairy cows and reduce their risk of infections such as clinical mastitis. It is important to ensure good milking techniques since incorrect techniques can result in a higher mastitis risk and injury to the cow which translates to lower level of milk production or even contamination of milk.

Recommendations: Creating awareness on the dairy farming practices, changing behavior and being equipped in the necessary skills on dairy farming practices would improve the level of milk production.