The role of Non-Governmental organisations in enhancing household poverty reduction in Uganda: a review of literature

Authors

  • Patrick Ocen Lira University
  • Alfred Acanga Lira University
  • David Mwesigwa Lira University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47941/ijdcs.1160

Keywords:

Non-governmental Organizations, Household, Poverty reduction, Food security, Financial assistance

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discuss the contribution of Non-Governmental Organisations in enhancing poverty reduction among households in Uganda by looking at the relationship between NGO Activities and poverty reduction in Uganda as well as the contribution of NGO activities and poverty reduction in Uganda.

Methodology: The study adopted a literature review of available data on Uganda, the region and other parts of the world regarding the link between Non-governmental organisations and household poverty reduction. The sources consulted include academic manuscripts, journals, peer-reviewed books, policy documents, annual reports as well as statistical papers.

Findings: Results suggest a positive relationship between microfinance and poverty while most studies confirm that microfinance has a potential outcome on reducing poverty. More, results indicate NGOs' support to food security and household poverty reduction as well as complex community perception of NGOs activities in poverty reduction, promotion of education and training, health, environmental conservation, and protection against child abuse.

Conclusion and recommendations: NGOs might be doing a wonderful service to community members in various countries in the name of poverty reduction, not much of their achievements have been documented. It was even more paramount that, Uganda, with many NGOs working along poverty reduction strategies have their achievements studied, documented and widely shared. Thus, the government provides a more conducive working environment for the NGOs to be able to function and operate with less fear from the censorship of state organs; and, an amicable working relationship be forged between government and the NGOs given that the two are partners in community development.

Unique contribution to policy and/or practice: This review on the contribution of NGOs to household poverty reduction is essential to national and local policy makers on facilitating the stakeholders to appreciate the fundamental role played by non-state actors in community transformation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Patrick Ocen, Lira University

Faculty of Management Sciences

Alfred Acanga, Lira University

Faculty of Management Sciences

David Mwesigwa, Lira University

Faculty of Management Sciences

References

Abdulkadir , D. M. (2019). ROLE OF NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ON POVERTY REDUCTION: EMPIRICAL STUDY FROM LOCAL NGOS IN

MOGADISHU-SOMALIA. European Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 7(1).

Addo, G. A. (2018). NGOs and poverty reduction: A case study of Danish and Ghanaian NGOs in Ghana. Aalborg University.

Adjei Osei-Wusu, P., Agyemang, S., & Afriyie, K. (2012). Non-Governmental Organizations and Rural Poverty Reduction in Northern Ghana: Perspectives of Beneficiaries on Strategies, Impact and Challenges. Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International Development, 3(2), 47-74.

Adolfsson, J. S., & Moss, S. M. (2021). Making meaning of empowerment and development in Rural Malawi – International individualism meets local communalism. journal of Social and Political Psyschology, 623–636.

Ali, A., Rahut, D. B., & Mottaleb, K. A. (2018). Improved water-management practices and their impact on food security and poverty: empirical evidence from rural Pakistan . Water Policy, 692–711.

Amartya, S. (1982). Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation.

Balkenhol, B. (2007). Microfinance and public policy: Outreach, performance and efficiency. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Banks, N., & Hulme, D. (2012). The role of NGOs and civil society in development and poverty reduction. Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=2072157

Banks, N., Hulme, D., & Edwards, M. (2015). NGOs, States, and Donors Revisited: Still Too Close for Comfort? World Development, 66, 707-718.

Bar, A., Fafchamps, M., & Owens, T. (2005). ‘The governance of non-governmental organizations in Uganda’. World Development, 33(4), 657-679.

Barr, A., Fafchamps, M., & Owens, T. (2003). Non-Governmental Organizations in Uganda: A report to the Government of Uganda. Kampala: Government of Uganda.

Brass, J. N. (2012). ‘Why do NGOs go where they go? Evidence from Kenya. World Development, 40(2), 387-401.

Brophy, M. (2020). The role of NGOs in supporting Education. Journal of International and Comparative Education, 45–56.

Casciaro, T., & Piskorski, J. M. (2005). Power Imbalance, Mutual Dependence, and Constraint Absorption: A Closer Look at Resource Dependence Theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 167-199.

Chen, S., Datt, G., & Ravallion, M. (1994). Is poverty increasing in the developing world? Review of Income and Wealth, 40(4), 359-376.

Conick, D. J., & Riddell, C. R. (1992). Evaluating the impact of NGOs in rural poverty alleviation. Uganda country study. London.

Cordeiro, B., & Nyaruwata, L. (2016). The Role of Non-Governmental Organisations ( NGOs ) in Poverty Reduction : A case of Zambézia Province.

Dahie, A. M. (2019). Role of Nongovernmental Organizations on Poverty Reduction: Empirical Study From Local NGOs in Mogadishu-Somalia. European Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 7(1).

Development Initiative. (2019). Poverty trends: Global, regional and national. Bristol, UK: Development Initiative.

Development Initiative. (2020). Poverty in Uganda: National and Regional data trends/devinit.org.

Dicklitch, S. (1998). "Whither NGOs and Democracy in Africa?." The Elusive Promise of NGOs in Africa. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Forkuor, D., & Agyemang, S. (2018). Fighting urban poverty in Ghana: The role of nongovernmental organizations. Urban Forum, 127–145.

Gisaor, V. I. (2021). Selected Ngos and poverty reduction in Makurdi local government areas of Benue State, Nigeria. International Journal of Community Service & Engagement, Vol. 2(No. 3), 32–47.

Haider, H. (2020). The bottom billion in Africa: poverty trends and forecasts. K4D Helpdesk Report 922. Brighton, UK: Institute of Development Studies.

Haradhan, M. (2017). Two Criteria for Good Measurements inResearch: Validity and Reliability. Munich Personal RePEc Archive.

Holmen, H., & Jirstrom, M. (2009). Look Who's Talking!: Second Thoughts about NGOs as Representing Civil Society. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 44(4), 429-448.

Hudson, A. (2000). "Making the connection: Legitimacy claims, legitimacy chains and northern NGOs' international advocacy." . Development NGOs and the challenge of change, 89-97.

Human Rights Careers. (2020, June 11). 25 Organizations dedicated to fight poverty. Retrieved from Human Rights Careers: www.humanrightscareers.com

Hussain, J., Mahmood, S., & Scott, J. (2018). Gender, microcredit and poverty alleviation in a developing country: The case of women entrepreneurship in Pakistan. Journal of international Development, 31(3), 247–270.

Iniamagha, I. (2015). "To what extent does the evidence support the view that NGOs help to reduce poverty and/or to empower the poor?

Jensen, G. L. (2016). Civil Society : A Powerful Concept, s.l.: s.n.

Jivani, R. (2010). "What are the Impacts of Non-Governmental Organizations on the Lives of the Citizens of Tanzania?". Social Impact Research Experience (SIRE), 4. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/sire/4

Kaldol, M. (2003). The idea of global civil society. International affairs, 79(3), 583-593.

Kharas, H., & Dooley, M. (2020). Extreme poverty in the time COVID-19. Brookings: Brookings Institution.

Kharas, H., & Dooley, M. (2022). The evolution of global poverty, 1990 - 2030. Brookings, UK: Center for Sustainable Development.

Kumari, P., Azam, F., & Khalidah, S. (2019). The effect of microfinance services on poverty reduction: Analysis of empirical evidence in Sri lankan perspectives. European Journal of Economic and Financial Research, 3(5), 108–121.

Lang, S. (2013). NGOs, Civil Society, and the Public Sphere. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Larok, A. (2017). Action aid. Retrieved from Action aid:

https://www.actionaidusa.org/news/ugandan-authorities-shut-actionaid/

Lewis, D., & Kanji, N. (2009). Non-Governmental Organizations and Development. London: Routledge. Lewis, D., & Paul , O.‐M. (2006). "Moving forward research agendas on international NGOs: theory, agency and context.". Journal of International Development, 18(5), 665-675.

Lubaale, G. (2019). Poverty in Uganda: Causes and Strategies for Reduction with Great Emphasis on Ethics and Ecological Justice. Sociology and Anthropology, 9-19. doi:DOI: 10.13189/sa.2019.070102

Mahadale, M. A., Mohamd, A. A., Abdirahman, M. H., & Abdimalik, A. H. (2020). A study on the role of NGOs in poverty reduction of Southern Somalia. Dhaka, Bangladesh:

Daffodil International University.

Manor, J. (2004). Civil Society and Poverty Reduction .

McGuire, S. (2013). Multinationals and NGOs amid a changing balance of power. International Affairs, 89(3), 695-710.

Ministry of Internal Affairs. (2010). The National NGO Policy: Strengthening Partnership for Development. Kampala: Government of Uganda.

MoFPED. (2014). Uganda Poverty Status Report: Structural change and poverty reduction in Uganda. Kampala.

Mohamed, S. (2010). The Role of NGOs in Urban Poverty Reduction : A Case Study of Kibera , Nairobi. Nairobi.

Mohiuddin, M., Islam, M. S., & Uddin, M. T. (2016). Poverty, food security status and coping strategies of marginal farm households in some selected areas of Bangladesh. Journal of Food Security, 4(4), 86–94.

Nader, M. .. (2016). NGOS , CBOs and poverty reduction and service delievery. Research. doi:https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.3997.1602

Nadim, S. J., & Nurlukman, A. D. (2017). The impact of women empowerment on poverty reduction in rural areas of Bangladesh: Focusing on village development program. Journal of Government and Civil Society, 1(1).

Namirimo, F. (2019). Role of NGOs in Poverty Alleviation in Mbarara District: A case study of World Vision-Uganda. Kampala: Kampala International University.

NDP. (2014). Uganda Poverty reduction strategy paper -progress report. Washington D.C: International Monetary Fund.

Nienhuser, W. (2008). Resource Dependence Theory - How Well Does It Explain Behaviour of Organizations ? Management Revue, 9-32.

Niringiyimana, J. (2014). Non-governmental organization and poverty reduction in Uganda. Kampala: Makerere University.

Ogaboh, A. A., Akpanudoedehe, J., & Ocheni, S. (2014). Financing Poverty Reduction Programmes in Rural Areas of Nigeria: The Role of Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs). International Journal of Democratic and Development Studies (IJDDS), 2(1).

Olutayo, O. O., & Oluwafemi, O. M. (2017). Contributions of Community Based Organisations to Poverty Alleviation in Oyo State, Nigeria. Economic and Environmental Studies, 185-203.

Osei-Wusu, A. P., Agyemang, S., & Afriyie, K. (2012). Non-Governmental Organizations and Rural Poverty Reduction in Northern Ghana: Perspectives of Beneficiaries on Strategies, Impact and Challenges. Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International Development, 3(2), 47-73.

Oxfarm Strategic Plan. (2014). The power of people against poverty. Poverty eradication in Africa between 2013-2019. Los Angeles, USA: Oxford Press.

Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World. (2008). Nongovernmental Organisations.

Retrieved August 6, 2021, from

http://www.oxfordreference.com.zorac.aub.aau.dk/view/10.1093/acref/978019517632

001.0001/acref-9780195176322-e-1135

PEAP. (2005). Uganda: Poverty reduction strategy paper. Washington D.C: International Monetary Fund.

Perkins, , D. D., & Zimmerman, A. M. (1995). Empowerment theory, research, and application. American journal of community psychology, 23(5), 569-579.

Ponto, J. (2015). Understanding and Evaluating Survey Research. J Adv Pract Onco, 6(2), 168– 171.

Porter, G. (2003). NGO's and poverty reduction in a globalizing world: Perpsectives from Ghana. Progress in Development Studies, 3(2), 131–145.

Poverty Maps of Uganda. (2019). Mapping the Spatial Distribution of Poor Households and Child Poverty Based on Data from the 2016/17 Uganda National Household Survey and the 2014 National Housing and Population Census. Kampala.

Riddell, C., & Robinson, M. (1995). Non-Governmental Organizations and Rural Poverty Alleviation. London: ODI and Oxford University Press.

Roberta , H., & Alison , T. (2016). Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Statistics from Altmetric.com, 18(3). doi:dx.doi.org/10.1136/eb-2015-102129

Sahn, E. D., & Younger, D. S. (2004). Growth and poverty reduction in Sub-saharan Africa: Macroeconomic adjustment and beyond. Journal of African Economies. doi:DOI: 10.1093/jae/ejh016

Saleem, Z., & Donaldson, J. A. (2016). Pathways to poverty reduction. Development Policy Review, 34(5), 671–690.

Seng, K. (2018). Revisiting microcredit's poverty-reducing promise: Evidence from Cambodia. Journal of International Development, 30(4), 615–642.

Setia, S. M. (2016). Methodology Series Module 3: Cross-sectional Studies. Indian Journal of

Dermatology, 61(3), 261–264. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.182410

Sharmin, S. (2014). Microcredit , Food Security and Women Empowerment in Bangladesh.

Skjoldborg, J. M. (2010). NGO Advantages and the Liberal Conservative Government. Aalborg: Aalborg University Library.

Sohel, M. S., Uddin, A. M., & Kulsum, U. (2007). An Evaluation of the Operational Performance of NGOs in Bangladesh with Special Emphasis on Poverty Alleviation: A Study on Association of Social Advancement (ASA). The Chittagong University Journal of Business Administration, 22, 261-281.

Sparr, P., & Moser, C. (2007). International NGOs and Poverty Reduction Strategies: The Contribution of an Asset-based Approach. Massachusetts: The Brookings Institution.

Ssegujja, R. S. (2021). Uganda's poverty rate has risen 10 percentage . Kampala: UNDP.

Ssewanyana, N. S., & Kasirye, I. (2013). THE DYNAMICS OF INCOME POVERTY IN UGANDA: Insights from the Uganda National Panel Surveys of 2009/10 and 2010/11.

Stuart-Hill, G., Richard , D., Bevan , M., Jo, T., & David , W. (2005). "The event book system:

a community-based natural resource monitoring system from Namibia.". Biodiversity & Conservation, 14(11), 2611-2631.

Suharko. (2007). The Roles of NGOs in Rural Poverty Reduction: The Case of Indonesia and India.

The Citizen. (2021). Museveni orders closure of Democratic Governance Facility dealing blow to NGOs. Retrieved from https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/africa/museveniorders-closure-of-democratic-governance-facility-dealing-blow-to-ngos-3279976

The World Bank. (2016). The Uganda Poverty Assessment Report 2016. Retrieved 2 21, 2021, from http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/381951474255092375/pdf/Uganda-PovertyAssessment-Report-2016.pdf

The World Bank. (2020, May 30). IGO-NGO Cooperation. Retrieved from IGO-NGO Cooperation: https://guides.library.duke.edu/c.php?g=289595&p=1930435

Tsiboe, A. I. (2001). The State and Path of Poverty Reduction in Bostwana: Past and Present Paradigm As a Guide To The Future.

UBOS. (2013). Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Uganda National Household Survey 2012/2013 Report. Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS).

UBOS. (2016). The National Population and Housing Census 2014 - Main Report. Kampala: UBOS.

UBOS. (2017). Uganda Bureau of Statistics: National Population and Housing Census Area Specific Profiles Oyam District. Kampala: UBOS.

UBOS. (2019). Status of older persons in Uganda: Making the invisible visible. Kampala: UBOS.

Ulleberg, I. (2009). "The role and impact of NGOs in capacity development." From replacing the state to reinvigorating education. Paris: International Institute for Educational Planning UNESCO.

UNDP. (2014). The Uganda Poverty Status Report 2014. Kampala: UNDP.

UNICEF. (2020). Going beyond monetary poverty: Uganda's multidimensional poverty profile. UNICEF.

United Nations. (2017). Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved 2 20, 2021, from http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/

UNNGOF. (2021, 2 25). Uganda National NGO Forum. Retrieved from

https://ngoforum.or.ug/membership/list

Westover, J. (2008). The Record of Microfinance: The effectiveness/Ineffectiveness of Microfinance programs as a means of Alleviating Poverty. Electronic Journal of Sociology.

Wijesiri, N. S., Paranagama, G. S., & Sirirwardhana, M. M. (2019). The Impact of HR Practices on Employee Retention; A Case of BPO Sector, Sri Lanka. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 9(1). doi:10.5296/ijhrs.v9i1.14050

Willets, P. P. (2002). What is a Non-Governmental Organization? London: City University.

Woldring, E. H. (1998). Woldring, H. E. (1998). State and civil society in the political philosophy of Alexis de Tocqueville. Voluntas. International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 9(4), 363-373.

World Bank. (2016). Global Monitoring Report 2015/2016: Development Goals in an Era of Demographic Change. Washington DC: World Bank.

World Bank. (2016). Poverty Assessment for Uganda – Farms, cities and good fortune: Assessing poverty reduction in Uganda from 2006 to 2013. Washington DC: The World Bank.

World Bank. (2020). The global poverty overeview. Retrieved 2 21, 2021, from https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview.

Downloads

Published

2022-12-28

How to Cite

Ocen, P. O., Acanga, A. A., & Mwesigwa, D. M. (2022). The role of Non-Governmental organisations in enhancing household poverty reduction in Uganda: a review of literature. International Journal of Developing Country Studies, 4(1), 54–73. https://doi.org/10.47941/ijdcs.1160

Issue

Section

Articles