Factors Influencing Adherence to Hazardous Waste Management Policy Frameworks among Health Workers in Private Hospitals in Nairobi County - Kenya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47941/ijdcs.1907Keywords:
Hazardous, Waste Management Guidelines, Individual Factors, Institutional Factors, Health WorkersAbstract
Purpose: This study, therefore, sought to investigate the factors influencing the adherence to hazardous waste management guidelines among healthcare workers in private hospitals in Nairobi County. The specific objectives of the study included; determining the level of adherence to proper HCWM practices among health workers, identifying the individual related factors that influence adherence to proper HCWM practices among health workers, and identifying the health facility-related (institutional) factors that influence adherence to proper HCWM practices in 4 selected hospitals in Nairobi County Kenya. From the population of 900 healthcare workers from 4 levels 4 facilities, random sampling was applied to identify the 90 respondents.
Methodology: Data analysis and reporting was done using appropriate quantitative methods.
Findings: The findings from this study show that the level of adherence to hazardous waste management policies among healthcare workers in private level four hospitals in Nairobi County is low. Despite the high level of awareness by the health workers on the important measures of collection, segregation, treatment, transportation and disposal of waste, the level of performance on the same is low. This is greatly attributable to negligence and unfavorable attitude towards healthcare waste management practices among healthcare workers.
Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: Based on the study findings, we would recommend the improvement of hazardous waste management efficiency.
Downloads
References
Abah, S. O., & Ohimain, E. I. (2011). Healthcare waste management in Nigeria: A case study.
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 3(3), 99–110.
http://www.academicjournals.org/jphe
Alhumaid, S., Al Mutair, A., Al Alawi, Z., Alsuliman, M., Ahmed, G. Y., Rabaan, A. A., & Al-Omari, A. (2021). Knowledge of infection prevention and control among healthcare workers and factors influencing compliance: A systematic review. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 10(1), 1-32.
Arnold, R. D., & Wade, J. P. (2015). A Definition of Systems Thinking: A Systems Approach. Procedia Computer Science, 44(C), 669–678.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCS.2015.03.050
Aubert, B., Bona, M., Karyotakis, Y., Lees, J. P., Poireau, V., Prencipe, E., & De Sangro, R. (2008). Observation of the Bottomonium Ground State in the Decay Υ (3 S) → γ η b. Physical review letters, 101(7), 071801.
Aung, T. S., Luan, S., & Xu, Q. (2019). Application of multi-criteria-decision approach for the analysis of medical waste management systems in Myanmar. Journal of
CleanerProduction, 222, 733-745.
Awad, A., Abd, A., Awad, U., & Al Bajari, F. (2018). Environmental Impacts of Medical Waste Treatment and Management by Burning Inside Health Facilities. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 9(5), 41–53.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp41http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType =IJCIET&VType=9&IType=5http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET& VType=9&IType=5
Calderon, L. (2006). Waste Management Regulations.
https://www.nema.go.ke/images/Docs/Regulations/Waste Management Regulations-1.pdf
Caniato, M., Tudor, T., & Vaccari, M. (2015). International governance structures for health-care waste management: a systematic review of scientific literature. Journal of Environmental Management, 153, 93–107.
Fazzo, L., Minichilli, F., Santoro, M., Ceccarini, A., Della Seta, M., Bianchi, F., Comba, P., & Martuzzi, M. (2017). Hazardous waste and health impact: a systematic review of the scientific literature. Environmental Health 2017 16:1, 16(1), 1–11.
https://doi.org/10.1186/S12940-017-0311-8
Ferreira, V., & Teixeira, M. (2010). Healthcare waste management practices and risk perceptions:
findings from hospitals in the Algarve region, Portugal. Waste Management (New York,
N.Y.), 30(12), 2657–2663. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WASMAN.2010.07.012 Georgiou, I. (2007). Thinking through systems thinking. 247.
Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health- related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11(2), 87–98. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-11.2.87
Hackman, C. L., & Knowlden, A. P. (2014). Theory of reasoned action and theory of planned behavior-based dietary interventions in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review.
Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, 5, 101–114. https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S56207
Haregu, T., Ziraba, K., Aboderin, I., Amugsi, D., & Muindi, K. (2017). An assessment of the evolution of Kenya’s solid waste management policies and their implementation in Nairobi and Mombasa: analysis of policies and practices. 29(2), 515–532. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247817700294
Hossain, M. S., Rahman, N. N. N. A., Balakrishnan, V., Puvanesuaran, V. R., Sarker, M. Z. I., & Kadir, M. O. A. (2018). Infectious Risk Assessment of Unsafe Handling Practices and Management of Clinical Solid Waste. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10(2), 556. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH10020556
Houghton, C., Meskell, P., Delaney, H., Smalle, M., Glenton, C., Booth, A., &Biesty, L. M. (2020). Barriers and facilitators to healthcare workers’ adherence with infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases: a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4).
Jha, A. K., Larizgoitia, I., Audera-Lopez, C., Prasopa-Plaizier, N., Waters, H., & Bates, D. W. (2013). The global burden of unsafe medical care: Analytic modelling of observational studies. BMJ Quality and Safety, 22(10), 809–815. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJQS-2012001748
Kasozi, A., & Von Blottnitz, H. (2010). Solid Waste Management in Nairobi: A Situation Analysis Technical Document accompanying the Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan For the City Council of Nairobi on contract for the United Nations Environment Programme.
Maina, J. W. (2018). Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Staff on Segregation of Hospital Waste:
A Case Study of a Tertiary Private Hospital in Kenya. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 14(9), 401–401. https://doi.org/10.19044/ESJ.2018.V14N9P401
Maina, T., Dutta, A., & Perales, N. (2015). Resource Needs for the Kenya Health Sector Strategic and Investment Plan.
Makori, F. (2018). Challenges Facing Implementation of Healthcare Waste Management Projects in Kenya. Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 5(2). http://strategicjournals.com/index.php/journal/article/view/739
Marege, L. M. (2014). Determinants of eco-friendly practices in level five private hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/76618
Meadows, S. O., McLanahan, S. S., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2008). Stability and Change in Family
Structure and Maternal Health Trajectories. American Sociological Review, 73(2), 314–
https://doi.org/10.1177/000312240807300207
Mele, C., Pels, J., & Polese, F. (2010b). A Brief Review of Systems Theories and Their Managerial Applications. Service Science, 2(1–2), 126–135. https://doi.org/10.1287/SERV.2.1_2.126
Mugenda, O. M., & Mugenda, A. . (2003). Research Methods, Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. . Scientific Research Publishing.
https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?R eferenceID=1917785
Muluken, A., Haimanot, G., & Mesafint, M. (2014). Healthcare waste management practices among healthcare workers in healthcare facilities of gondar town, northwest ethiopia. Health Science Journal, 7(3), 315. https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/healthcare-wastemanagement-practices-among-healthcare-workers-in-healthcare-facilities-of-gondartown-northwest-ethiopia.php?aid=2931
Nairobi County Government. (2014). LIst of Nairobi County Public Health Facilities. https://nairobi.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/Health-facilities-NCC-1.pdf
Ngari, W. N. (2009). Assessment of management of health-care wastes in non-government health care facilities in Nairobi province.
Njue, P. M., Cheboi, K. S., & Shadrak, O. (2015a). Adherence to Healthcare Waste Management
Guidelines among Nurses and Waste Handlers in Thika Sub-county- Kenya. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 25(4), 295–304. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v25i4.2
Njue, P. M., Cheboi, K. S., & Shadrak, O. (2015b). Adherence to Healthcare Waste Management Guidelines among Nurses and Waste Handlers in Thika Sub-county- Kenya. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 25(4), 295. https://doi.org/10.4314/EJHS.V25I4.2
Nwachukwu, N. C., Orji, F. A., & Ugbogu, O. C. (2013). Health Care Waste Management – Public
Health Benefits, and the Need for Effective Environmental Regulatory Surveillance in
Federal Republic of Nigeria. Current Topics in Public Health. https://doi.org/10.5772/53196
Okweso, J. A. (2016). Report on the Review of the Kenya National Guidelines for Safe Management of Health Care Waste, Injection Safety and Safe Disposal of Medical Waste National Communication Strategy and Health Care Waste Management Standard Operating Procedures. Nairobi: Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, 1–181. http://www.upops.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Review-of-National-
Guidelines-for-Safe-Management-of-Health-Care-Waste-1.pdf
Peters, R. M., & Templin, T. N. (2010). Theory of Planned Behavior, Self-Care Motivation, and Blood Pressure Self-Care. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 24(3), 172. /pmc/articles/PMC3728772/
Porta, D., Milani, S., Lazzarino, A. I., Perucci, C. A., & Forastiere, F. (2009). Systematic review of epidemiological studies on health effects associated with management of solid waste. Environmental Health 2009 8:1, 8(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-8-60
Rushton, L. (2003). Health hazards and waste management. British Medical Bulletin, 68, 183–197.
https://doi.org/10.1093/BMB/LDG034
Taegtmeyer, M., Suckling, R. M., Nguku, P. M., Meredith, C., Kibaru, J., Chakaya, J. M., Muchela, H., & Gilks, C. F. (2008). Working with risk: Occupational safety issues among healthcare workers in Kenya. Aids Care, 20(3), 304–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540120701583787
Triguero, A., Álvarez-Aledo, C., &Cuerva, M. C. (2016). Factors influencing willingness to accept different waste management policies: empirical evidence from the European Union. Journal of Cleaner Production, 138, 38-46.
UNEP. (2020). Healthcare waste: what to do with it? https://www.unep.org/news-andstories/story/healthcare-waste-what-do-it
WHO. (2018). Global burden of disease from sharps injuries to health-care workers.
https://www.who.int/quantifying_ehimpacts/publications/9241562463/en/ WHO. (2019). Patient Safety Fact File.
Wilkinson, L. A. (2011). Systems Theory. In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development (pp. 1466–1468). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_941
World Bank Project. (2020, March 1). Hospital Waste Management Support Project - P119090.
https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P119090
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Constantyne Chepchirchir, Dr. Ben Ngoye
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.