Exploring Bio Augmentation as a Sustainable Approach for COD Reduction in Palm Oil Refinery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47941/je.1593Keywords:
Bioaugmentation, POME, COD, Sludge, EffluentAbstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Bioaugmentation Technology in addressing elevated levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and reducing sludge volume in the aeration tank of a Palm Oil Refinery located in Kalimantan Island, Indonesia. In addressing these concerns, the study employed Bioaugmentation Technology, specifically tailored for the treatment of palm oil mill effluent in both aerobic and anaerobic ponds, with the aim of expediting the breakdown of organic compounds.
Methodology: The research focused on evaluating the impact of this technology on organic degradation and sludge reduction in comparison to conventional treatment methods. Conventional Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) treatment systems typically utilize large-volume sequential pond arrangements with extended hydraulic retention times (>90 days), resulting in inefficient organic degradation. Conversely, the Bioaugmentation Technology utilized in this study emerged as a natural, non-toxic, and easily implementable solution to operational challenges faced by these systems.
Findings: The technology facilitated the rapid breakdown of organic compounds, leading to a reduction in COD and subsequently, a decrease in sludge volume. Based on the observed positive outcomes, it is recommended to consider Bioaugmentation Technology as a viable and efficient solution for POME wastewater treatment in palm oil refineries.
Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: Its capacity to enhance organic degradation, reduce sludge volume, and improve overall treatment plant efficiency suggests its potential as a valuable complementary technology to existing treatment methods in similar operational conditions.
Downloads
References
M. S. Saad, M. D. H. Wirzal, and Z. A. Putra, “Review on current approach for treatment of palm oil mill effluent: Integrated system,” Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 286, p. 112209, May 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112209.
M. Wajdi et al., “Effect of Initial PH Adjustment on Acetogenic Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent,” Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, pp. 5459–5466, Mar. 2021, Accessed: Dec. 24, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://annalsofrscb.ro/index.php/journal/article/view/2050
Yoke Wang Cheng, Zhan Sheng Lee, Chi Cheng Chong, M. R. Khan, Kim Hoong Ng, and SK Safdar Hossain, “Hydrogen-rich syngas production via steam reforming of palm oil mill effluent (POME) – A thermodynamics analysis,” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 44, no. 37, pp. 20711–20724, Aug. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.05.119.
Jannatulhawa Jasni et al., “Comparative toxicity effect of organic and inorganic substances in palm oil mill effluent (POME) using native microalgae species,” Journal of Water Process Engineering, vol. 34, pp. 101165–101165, Apr. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101165.
S. M S, “DECOLOURISATION OF PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES: A REVIEW,” Journal of Oil Palm Research, Feb. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.21894/jopr.2020.0008.
U. Hasanudin, R. Sugiharto, A. Haryanto, T. Setiadi, and K. Fujie, “Palm oil mill effluent treatment and utilization to ensure the sustainability of palm oil industries,” Water Science and Technology, vol. 72, no. 7, pp. 1089–1095, Jun. 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.311.
A. Ratnasari et al., “Advances in pretreatment technology for handling the palm oil mill effluent: Challenges and prospects,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 344, p. 126239, Jan. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126239.
B. Ganapathy, A. Yahya, and N. Ibrahim, “Bioremediation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using indigenous Meyerozyma guilliermondii,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 11113–11125, Feb. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04334-8.
A. El-Gawad and H. S, “Oil and Grease Removal from Industrial Wastewater Using New Utility Approach,” Advances in Environmental Chemistry, Jul. 08, 2014. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aec/2014/916878/
A. D. Santos, R. C. Martins, R. M. Quinta-Ferreira, and L. M. Castro, “Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) for dairy wastewater treatment,” Energy Reports, vol. 6, pp. 340–344, Dec. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.158.
“Temperature Control and Heat Exchange in Bioreactors,” News-Medical.net, Aug. 31, 2023. https://www.news-medical.net/whitepaper/20230831/Temperature-Control-and-Heat-Exchange-in-Bioreactors.aspx
P. Wongburi and J. K. Park, “Prediction of Sludge Volume Index in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Recurrent Neural Network,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 10, p. 6276, Jan. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106276.
“How to Calculate and Control Sludge Volume Index (SVI),” chemtech-us.com, Jun. 25, 2020. https://chemtech-us.com/articles/how-to-calculate-and-control-sludge-volume-index-svi/#:~:text=If%20the%20SVI%20is%2080 (accessed Dec. 16, 2023).
C. O. Nwuche, H. Aoyagi, and J. C. Ogbonna, “Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by a Microbial Consortium Developed from Compost Soils,” International Scholarly Research Notices, vol. 2014, pp. 1–8, Oct. 2014, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/762070.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Himanshu Ramesh Lamba, Emanuel M Tapu, Juan Carlos Verardo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
