INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN KENYA. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47941/je.618Abstract
Purpose: There is a variety of electronic waste found in the country ranging from computers, cellular phones, televisions sets, refrigerators, and entertainment electronics amongst others. The general objective of the study was access the influence of electronic waste management systems in Kenya. A critical literature review
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: The study concludes that the methods employed in e-waste management were still inadequate. Most importers disposed of the undistributed computers and mobile phone at a discounted price to retailers and consumers. Very few importers used extended ·producer responsibility. In addition, majority of the end users used auctioning as a method of e-waste management.
Recommendations: The study suggested that there is a need for the manufacturer to design a system which provides incentives to consumers to bring back products to the appropriate collection points. The incentives can be used in the beginning of the collection scheme as a way of advertising the scheme and when the scheme is well established the manufacturer can review and determine if there is need for incentives.
Keywords: influence, electronic waste, management systems, Kenya
Downloads
References
Anomohanran, O (2013). Evaluation of environmental noise pollution in Abuja, the Capital city of Nigeria, IJRRAS 14(2):470-476.
Arenas, J. P., & Suter, A. H. (2014). Comparison of occupational noise legislation in the Americas: an overview and analysis. Noise and Health, 16(72), 306.
Banerjee, D., Chakraborty, SK., Bhattacharyya, S., & Gangopadhyay, A (2008). Evaluation and analysis of road traffic noise in Asansol: an industrial town of Eastern India. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 5(3):165-71.
Barbara, C., & Rose, V. E. (2011). Patty’s Industrial Hygiene, 4-Volume Set. John Wiley & Sons.
Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., Janssen, S., & Stansfeld, S. (2014). Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health. The Lancet, 383(9925), 1325-1332.
Belojevic, G., Brink, M., Heroux, M.E., Janssen, S., Lercher, P., Paviotti, M., Pershagen, G., Persson Waye, K., Preis, A., Stansfeld, S. & Van Den Berg, F., 2016, August. WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European RegionWhat is New? 3. Guideline recommendations and supporting evidence-What is new?. In INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings (Vol. 253, No. 1, pp. 6947-6950). Institute of Noise Control Engineering.
Bhosale, B.J., Late. A., Nalawade, P.M., Chavan, S.P. & Mule, M.B. (2010). Studies on assessment of traffic noise level in Aurangabad city. Noise Health, 12, 195-198.
Bluhm, G., Nordling, E., & Berglind, N. (2004). Road traffic noise and annoyance--an increasing environmental health problem. Noise & Health, 6(24), 43–49.
Bodin, T., Björk, J., Ardö, J., & Albin, M. (2015). Annoyance, sleep and concentration problems due to combined traffic noise and the benefit of quiet side. International journal of environmental research and public health, 12(2), 1612-1628.
Carlson, N. R. (2013). Physiology of Behavior. Pearson. Chadha, S., & Cieza, A. (2017). Promoting global action on hearing loss: World hearing day.
Cohen, P., Potchter, O., & Schnell, I. (2014). The impact of an urban park on air pollution and noise levels in the Mediterranean city of Tel-Aviv, Israel. Environmental Pollution, 195, 73-83.
Cole, C. (2016). Noise Exposure in Electric and Natural Gas Utility Transmission and Distribution Operations. Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research.
Curhan, S. G., Shargorodsky, J., Eavey, R., & Curhan, G. C. (2012). Analgesic Use and the Risk of Hearing Loss in Women. American Journal of Epidemiology, kws146. http://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kws146
Eludoyin, O. M., (2016). Perceptions on Noise Pollution among the Residents of a Medium-Size Settlement in Southwestern Nigeria – A Preliminary Study. J Pollut Eff Cont 4: 160. doi:10.4172/2375-4397.1000160
Fan, Y., Zhiyi, B., Zhujun, Z., & Jiani, L. (2010). The investigation of noise attenuation by plants and the corresponding noise-reducing spectrum. Journal of environmental health, 72(8), 8-15.
Gaganija, M.S., Mkoma, S.L. & Lema, E.S (2012). Attitudes of community to urban traffic noise in Morogoro, Tanzania. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management EJESM Vol. 5(3):280.
Gillver, M., Williams, W., & Beach, E. (2014). Noise exposure in the balance: Managing occupational and leisure risks to hearing health.
Gongi, S. P., Kaluyi, J., & Kanali C. L. (2016). Industrial Noise Pollution and its Health Effects on Wokers in Nairoby City. International Journal of Engineering and research and Technology, 181 (5), 426 -435.
Gongi, S. P. (2018). Assessment of the Extent and Perceived Effects of Noise Pollution in Manufacturing Industries in Nairobi City (Doctoral dissertation, JKUAT COETEC).
Hammer, M.S., Swinburn, T.K. & Neitzel, R.L., (2014). Environmental noise pollution in the United States: developing an effective public health response. Environmental health perspectives, 122(2), p.115.
Hammersen, F., Niemann, H., & Hoebel, J. (2016). Environmental noise annoyance and mental health in adults: findings from the cross-sectional German Health Update (GEDA) Study 2012. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13(10), 954.
Magondu, S. (2016). Using Neural Networks to reduce noise in internet of things data streams (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
