The Use of Dance as a Therapeutic Intervention for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the use of dance as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive's time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the use of dance as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Preliminary empirical review revealed that dance therapy holds promise in addressing the diverse needs of individuals with ASD, including social communication deficits, sensory sensitivities, and emotional regulation difficulties. By tailoring dance activities to accommodate individual preferences and needs, dance therapy provided a supportive and empowering environment for engagement, self-expression, and personal growth. While preliminary evidence suggested the efficacy of dance therapy, further research was deemed necessary to understand its therapeutic mechanisms fully. The study emphasized interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize the delivery of dance therapy interventions and enhance their effectiveness in supporting individuals with ASD in reaching their full potential and leading fulfilling lives.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Attachment theory, Socioecological theory and Embodied Cognition theory may be used to anchor future studies on therapeutic interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The study offered several recommendations that contributed to theory, practice, and policy. It suggested further research to advance theoretical frameworks and understand the mechanisms underlying dance therapy's effectiveness. In practice, the study recommended developing evidence-based guidelines, providing training for practitioners, and adopting person-centered approaches. Policy recommendations included advocating for policy changes, funding research, and integrating dance therapy into mainstream ASD interventions. Training initiatives, research collaboration, community engagement, and advocacy efforts were also emphasized to promote the integration and effectiveness of dance therapy for individuals with ASD in the past.